Test Online Free Scrum PAL-I Exam Questions and Answers
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Answer: Explanation:
A product is a vehicle to deliver value. It has a clear boundary, known stakeholders, well-defined users or customers. A product could be a service, a physical product, or something more abstract.
Question 32Selectable Answer
Which of the following statement is true about Agile?
Answer: Explanation:
In Agile, we expect the unexpected. Complex contexts are often unpredictable. Trying to control everything and make a perfect plan and get all the requirements in advance in a complex context can completely produce the opposite effect. Complex contexts and complex problems are difficult to control or predict how they will evolve. Rather than trying to control the situation or insisting on a plan of action, it's often best to be patient, look for patterns, and encourage a solution to emerge. Empiricism asserts that knowledge comes from experience and making decisions based on what is observed. Lean thinking reduces waste and focuses on the essentials. An iterative and incremental approach is used to optimize predictability and to control risk. Complex products require experimentation, learning, transparency, inspection, and adaptation. We want short iterations to learn fast if we are building the right thing. If we fail in a short iteration, the impact and deviation are low but the learning is high, we can take corrective action and have opportunities to fix it. If we fail in a long iteration, the impact and cost of fixing it are much higher.
Question 33Selectable Answer
Which kind of Goals would be the Product Owner interested in? Select three answers
Answer: Explanation:
From EBM Guide: Complex problems defy easy solutions, but instead require organizations seek toward their goals in a series of small steps, inspecting the results of each step, and adapting their next actions based on feedback. This model has several key elements: A Strategic Goal, which is something important that the organization would like to achieve. This goal is so big and far away, with many uncertainties along the journey that the organization must use empiricism. Because the Strategic Goal is aspirational and the path to it is uncertain, the organization needs a series of practical targets, like Intermediate Goals, achievements of which will indicate that the organization is on the path to its Strategic Goal. The path to the Intermediate Goal is often still somewhat uncertain, but not completely unknown. Immediate Tactical Goals, critical near-term objectives toward which a team or group of teams will work help toward Intermediate Goals. A Starting State, which is where the organization is relative to the Strategic Goal when it starts its journey. A Current State, which is where the organization is relative to the Strategic Goal at the present time.
Question 34Selectable Answer
What is the purpose of looking at Unrealized Value?
Answer: Explanation:
Looking at Unrealized Value helps an organization to maximize the value that it realizes from a product or service over time. When customers, users, or clients experience a gap between their current experience and the experience that they would like to have, the difference between the two represents an opportunity; this opportunity is measured by Unrealized Value. Questions that organizations need to continually re-evaluate for UV are: 1. Can any additional value be created by our organization in this market or other markets? 2. Is it worth the effort and risk to pursue these untapped opportunities? 3. Should further investments be made to capture additional Unrealized Value?
Question 35Selectable Answer
You are a Scrum Master for a Scrum Team. Two Developers have very different and strong arguments on how to create a user story according to the Acceptance criteria. All the Developers helped clarify points of view, but they still have questions and differences that they cannot resolve.
As a Scrum Master, what is your role in answering the team's questions?
Answer: Explanation:
The Product Owner is also accountable for effective Product Backlog management, which includes:
- Developing and explicitly communicating the Product Goal;
- Creating and clearly communicating Product Backlog items;
- Ordering Product Backlog items; and, - Ensuring that the Product Backlog is transparent, visible and understood. The Scrum Master serves the Scrum Team in several ways, including:
- Coaching the team members in self-management and cross-functionality;
- Helping the Scrum Team focus on creating high-value Increments that meet the Definition of Done;
- Causing the removal of impediments to the Scrum Team’s progress
- Ensuring that all Scrum events take place and are positive, productive, and kept within the timebox.
In a scenario like this, many times the Developers might just talk to the Product Owner, but since they are stuck, the Scrum Master must make sure to involve the Product Owner to clarify for instance by facilitating the discussion between the Product Owner and Developers.
Question 36Selectable Answer
You are an Agile Leader managing a few Scrum Teams and responsible for the success of their products. A sales executive needs a specific feature to be added to the product to sign a deal with one of her customers, but the Product Owner (who reports to you) analyzed the request and believes that there are more valuable items on the Product Backlog that will lead to more long-term value to the business. Disappointed, the sales executive comes to you asking you to intervene.
As the manager of the Product Owner, what would you do?
Answer: Explanation:
For the Product Owner to succeed, the entire organization must respect his or her decisions. The Product Owner is responsible for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Developers. Although the Agile Manifesto says "Welcome changing requirements, even late in development", the Product Owner has already evaluated the request along with other Product Backlog items to maximize the value. If the sales executive provides very important proof of value and you feel the Product Owner may not have evaluated the value of the request, you may ask the Product Owner or facilitate a meeting to let the Product Owner review it, but respect and support the Product Owner's decision.
Question 37Selectable Answer
You are a Scrum Master and you assess that recent market changes make the product your team is working on is no longer viable.
What should you do?
Answer: Explanation:
It is not the Scrum Master's responsibility to assess the market, but if this information reaches the Scrum Master or if the Scrum Master is collaborating with the Product Owner on this assessment, the Scrum Master should share this information with the Product Owner, who owns the Product. The Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team. For Product Owners to succeed, the entire organization must respect their decisions. Those wanting to change the Product Backlog can do so by trying to convince the Product Owner.
Question 38Selectable Answer
Only the Developers are accountable for creating a valuable, useful Increment every Sprint.
Answer: Explanation:
The entire Scrum Team is accountable for creating a valuable, useful Increment every Sprint. Scrum defines three specific accountabilities within the Scrum Team: Developers, the Product Owner, and the Scrum Master. Developers are the people in the Scrum Team that are committed to creating any aspect of a usable Increment each Sprint.
Question 39Selectable Answer
The current value of a feature can be determined or proved before delivering it to the customer
Answer: Explanation:
Organizations can spend a lot of money implementing features and other requirements in products, only to find that customers don’t share the company’s opinion on their value; beliefs in what is valuable are merely assumptions until they are validated by customers. This is where hypotheses and experiments are useful. Every feature and every requirement really represent a hypothesis about value. One of the goals of an empirical approach is to make these hypotheses explicit and to consciously design experiments that explicitly test the value of the features and requirements. The entire feature or requirement need not actually be built to determine whether it is valuable; it may be sufficient for a team to simply build enough of it to validate critical assumptions that would prove or disprove its value.
Question 40Selectable Answer
Which of the following can the Scrum Master do to ensure communication between the Product Owner and the Developers?
Answer: Explanation:
One of the primary responsibilities of a Scrum Master is the ability to facilitate regardless of the context or setting. The Scrum Master is accountable for establishing Scrum as defined in the Scrum Guide. They do this by helping everyone understand Scrum theory and practice, both within the Scrum Team and the organization. The Scrum Master is accountable for the Scrum Team’s effectiveness. They do this by enabling the Scrum Team to improve its practices, within the Scrum framework. Scrum Masters are true leaders who serve the Scrum Team and the larger organization. The Scrum Master serves the Scrum Team in several ways, including: Coaching the team members in self-management and cross-functionality; Helping the Scrum Team focus on creating high-value Increments that meet the Definition of Done; Causing the removal of impediments to the Scrum Team’s progress; and, Ensuring that all Scrum events take place and are positive, productive, and kept within the timebox. The Scrum Master serves the Product Owner in several ways, including: Helping find techniques for effective Product Goal definition and Product Backlog management; Helping the Scrum Team understand the need for clear and concise Product Backlog items; Helping establish empirical product planning for a complex environment; and, Facilitating stakeholder collaboration as requested or needed.
Question 41Selectable Answer
A product with very high CV and low UV may not have much room for investment.
Answer: Explanation:
A product may have low CV, because it is an early version being used to test the market, but very high UV, indicating that there is great market potential. Investing in the product to try to boost CV is probably warranted, given the potential returns, even though the product is not currently producing high CV.
Conversely, a product with very high CV, large market share, no near competitors, and very satisfied customers may not warrant much new investment; this is the classic cash cow product that is very profitable but nearing the end of its product investment cycle with low UV.
Question 42Selectable Answer
What should a Scrum Team do if the size of the team becomes too large?
Answer: Explanation:
If Scrum Teams become too large, they should consider reorganizing into multiple cohesive Scrum Teams, each focused on the same product.
Question 43Selectable Answer
Developers may meet more than once throughout the day for detailed discussions about adapting or re-planning the rest of the Sprint’s work.
Answer: Explanation:
The Daily Scrum is not the only time Developers are allowed to adjust their plan. They often meet throughout the day for more detailed discussions about adapting or re-planning the rest of the Sprint’s work.
Question 44Selectable Answer
What is Agile?
Answer: Explanation:
The Agile Manifesto is a set of values and principles intended to inspire change in how people created software. See https://agilemanifesto.org/
Question 45Selectable Answer
A company will start to develop new software, they decided that they will use Scrum and they already identified 1000 features for the software. Experts say they should Invest the 1 or 2 Sprints just for planning and documenting the Product Backlog items, before beginning the development work. A thorough planning and healthy Product Backlog will help them be more organized before start and increase the chance of success.
As an Agile Leader, would you support this decision?
Answer: Explanation:
Scrum only requires a Product Owner with enough ideas, Developers to execute those ideas, and a Scrum Master to guide the process. At the end of every Sprint, the new Increment with functionalities must be "Done," which means it must be in useable condition and meet the Scrum Team’s Definition of Done. Scrum is founded on empirical process control theory, or empiricism. Empiricism asserts that knowledge comes from experience and making decisions based on what is known. The team will learn more from the work they have done in every Sprint. At least one usable, valuable increment must be created every Sprint. Scrum also does not recommend special sprints just for planning or paying the technical debt. When addressing complex adaptive problems or products, the level of uncertainty is highest at the beginning of the project and reduces when more information emerges as the work being done progress. Typically, people want to look for more certainty before starting but that approach goes against a truly empirical process.
Also, remember from the Agile Manifesto:
- Working software over comprehensive documentation.
- Working software is the primary measure of progress.
