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Question 16 Selectable Answer

True or False: The Scrum Master is responsible for setting the WIP Limits.

A. TRUE
B. FALSE

Answer:
Explanation:
If the team is using Kanban to improve the Sprint flow by visualizing and managing flow in the Sprint Backlog, the Developers would describe and own the workflow and specifically the WIP limits as they have ownership of the Sprint Backlog.
Teams can also use Kanban from a more holistic perspective and start the workflow from the Product Backlog and include refinement as well. The Scrum Team, as a whole, would then own the workflow and the WIP limits.

Question 17 Selectable Answer

Who is best to decide if a Scrum Team should apply a Kanban strategy in their Scrum framework? (choose the best answer)

A. The Director of Engineering.
B. The Scrum Team.
C. The Scrum Master.
D. The Product Owner.
E. The Developers.

Answer:
Explanation:
The Scrum Framework is a container for other techniques, methodologies, and practices. As such, Kanban was created to enhance and complement the Scrum framework. Therefore, the Scrum Team itself is in the best position to decide whether or not to apply Kanban within the framework.

Question 18 Selectable Answer

What can happen if the Scrum Team's Work In Progress (WIP) Limit is not honored? (choose the best answer)

A. Team throughput increases.
B. Processes will suffer from inefficiency.
C. Concurrent operations will slow down.
D. Feedback loops become shorter.

Answer:
Explanation:
The WIP Limits provides teams with transparency into their progress towards reducing their WIP and improving their flow. Managing the WIP helps to:
Making sure that work items are only pulled into the workflow at about the same rate that they leave the workflow.
Ensuring work items aren’t left to age unnecessarily.
Responding quickly to blocked or queued work items as well as those that are exceeding the team’s expected cycle time level

Question 19 Selectable Answer

How does setting limits to Work in Progress (WIP) policies support self-management? (choose the best two answers)

A. WIP Limits creates a boundary for which the Scrum Team self-manages within.
B. WIP Limits inhibit self-management since they limit the team's autonomy to pull work.
C. As part of self-management Scrum Teams figure out their own WIP Limits.
D. A Scrum Master defines a WIP Limit to help the Scrum Team self-manage.

Answer:
Explanation:
Work in Progress (WIP) limits restrict the maximum amount of work items in the different stages of the workflow. This would be the defined boundaries/container of which the Scrum Team works from.
The Sprint Backlog is owned by the Developers so it would make sense for them to self-manage and own their workflow and WIP Limits in this case. If the Developers want to involve the Product Owner in their Sprint flow then the Scrum Team will self-manage to define the WIP Limits.

Question 20 Selectable Answer

True or False: A Scrum Team's future output can be determined with Little's Law.

A. TRUE
B. FALSE

Answer:
Explanation:
The fundamental result of Little’s Law is that for a given process, in general, the more things that you work on at any given time (on average) the longer it is going to take for each of those things to finish (on average).
The first thing that you need to know about Little’s Law is that it is concerned with looking backward over a time period that has completed. It is not about looking forward; that is, is not meant to be used to make deterministic predictions. The proper application of Little’s Law in our world is to understand the assumptions of the law and to develop process policies that match those assumptions.

Question 21 Selectable Answer

Work in Progress (WIP) is NOT considered a leading indicator for which of the following measures? (choose the best answer)

A. Number of Story Points completed.
B. Throughput.
C. Number of Product Backlog items finished in a Sprint.
D. Cycle time.

Answer:
Explanation:
Leading indicators tell us about potential future scenarios in a system. They tell us what could possibly happen. For example, when we are likely to run into problems that will slow us down, when our incoming defect rate might increase, when a particular set of content might be delivered, or what content might be ready by a particular date range. Lagging indicators tell us about the history of a system. They tell us what has already happened. Both are useful. We use leading indicators as early warning signs that allow us to correct course. Lagging indicators help us understand and learn from past activities.
WIP can be used as a leading indicator to indicate the likely duration of the end-to-end flow of work through the system and the quantity of work done within a certain time period.

Question 22 Selectable Answer

True or False: Cycle Time is a lagging indicator.

A. True
B. False

Answer:
Explanation:
You can only measure Cycle Time by looking at historical data. It is an indicator and point of reference but should be used carefully when creating a forecast.

Question 23 Selectable Answer

True or False: Kanban practices have impact on each of the components in the Scrum framework.

A. TRUE
B. FALSE

Answer:
Explanation:
Adding Kanban to Scrum provides a technique to help the Scrum Team focus on driving a continuous flow of activity but does not negate value provided by the Scrum Events, Artifacts, Roles, or Rules. However, flow-based metrics/charts & forecasts may get added to Scrum events as per the Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams.

Question 24 Selectable Answer

Work Item Age is best described as: (choose the best answer)

A. The amount of elapsed time between when a work item "started" and the current time.
B. The amount of elapsed time between when a work item entered the Sprint Backlog and the current time.
C. The amount of elapsed time between the start of the Sprint and the current time.
D. The amount of elapsed time between when a work item entered the Product Backlog and the current time.

Answer:
Explanation:
Work Item Age: The amount of time between when a work item started and the current time. This applies only to items that are still in progress.

Question 25 Selectable Answer

In the context of Kanban, which statement best describes flow? (choose the best answer)

A. An undesirable effect of too much work being present in the system.
B. A software development technique.
C. The movement of customer value throughout the product development system.
D. The movement of tasks between workflow stages.

Answer:
Explanation:
Central to the definition of Kanban is the concept of flow. Flow is the movement of value throughout the product development system.

Question 26 Selectable Answer

True or False: A Scrum Team's workflow is the team's "policy" for how items move through different states towards 'done'.

A. TRUE
B. FALSE

Answer:
Explanation:
This is similar to how the definition of Done can be considered the team’s policies for what "Done" looks like.

Question 27 Selectable Answer

Little's Law is extremely valuable for directly predicting the future since it gives us a measure of what happened in the past? (Choose the best answer)

A. True - By understanding our Cycle Time we can use Little’s Law to reduce our WIP limits.
B. False - Relying only on your Cycle Time measurements may incorrectly influence you to cut your WIP limits.

Answer:
Explanation:
Little’s law cannot predict the future. For example, the effect of reducing WIP limits cannot be predicted - it depends on whether the Scrum Team can achieve effective flow with lower WIP limits.

Question 28 Selectable Answer

True or False: A result of having Work in Progress (WIP) limits is that it creates a pull system.

A. TRUE
B. FALSE

Answer:
Explanation:
Limiting WIP will result in the team starting work (i.e. pulls) on a new item only when it is clear that it has the capacity to do so. When the WIP drops below the defined limit, that is the signal to start new work

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